Temere Animus

G.R. No. 147324| May 25, 2004 PHILIPPINE COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE CORPORATION, (Philcomsat)   petitioner, vs  GLOBE TELECOM, INC. (formerly and Globe Mckay Cable and Radio Corporation), respondents. Case summary: Facts: 1.         On 07 May 1991, Philcomsat and Globe entered into an Agreement whereby Philcomsat obligated itself to establish, operate and provide an IBS Standard B earth station (earth station) within Cubi Point for the exclusive use of the USDCA. 2.         The term of the contract was for 60 months, or five (5) years. 3.       In turn, Globe promised to pay Philcomsat monthly rentals for each leased circuit involved. 4.      At the time of the execution of the Agreement, both parties knew that the Military Bases Agreement between the Republic of the Philippines and the US (RP-US Military Bases Agreement), which was the ba...

Evolution of Philippine Citizenship from the Spanish Regime to 1935 Defining Philippine Citizenship The concept of Philippine citizenship has evolved over time, shaped by different constitutional eras— 1935, 1973, and 1987 —and influenced by significant historical events. Tecson v. Comelec (2004) provides a detailed discussion on its origins, explaining when and how the term was first used. Citizenship During the Spanish Era ✔️ Spanish Subjects – The term "Philippine citizens" did not exist during Spanish rule. Instead, Filipinos were classified as "subjects of Spain." ✔️ Discriminatory Terminology – In colonial records, natives were referred to as “indios,” reflecting Spain’s low regard for Filipino inhabitants . ✔️ Royal Decrees Governing Citizenship: 1841 Order de la Regencia – Applied to Spanish subjects in the Philippines. 1868 Royal Decree – Defined the status of children born in the Philippines. 1870 Ley Extranjera de Ultramar – Extended Spanish...